The knowledge over a problem helps us to understand the results - the possibilities to act;to protect us from the every cancer - specially the "prostate cancer"!
Staging and grading of prostate cancer –
Author: Fritz Frei
Staging and Grading
Once the diagnosis of prostate cancer has been made the disease has to be staged and graded. The stage refers to the extent and spread of the disease while the grade refers to the nature (aggressiveness) of the particular tumor. Staging will determine the extent of disease and provide important prognostic information that will influence the management decisions.
Staging investigations
PSA
X-rays of lumbar spine and pelvis
Chest X-ray
Radionuclitide bone scan
MTI scan of pelvis
TNM Staging system
T stage (extent of primary lesion)
T1 - tumor confined to prostate, not palpable or visible on TRUS
T2 - tumor palpable or visible on TRUS but confined to prostate
T3 - spread beyond the prostatic capsule
T3a - extracapsular spread only
T3b - involvement of the seminal vesicles
T4 - invasion into rectal wall, bladder neck or pelvic wall
N (Nodal) status
N0 - regional nodes not involved
N1 - regional nodes involved by tumor
M (Distant Metastases)
M0 - no distant metastases
M1 - distant metastases present
Grading
Grading refers to what the cancer looks like under a microscope. The most commonly used system is the Gleason grade and score. The glandular pattern is compared to that of a normal prostate and scored out of 5, where 1 resembles a pattern very close to normal and 5 resembles severely distorted glandular architecture. The two predominant glandular patterns within the cancer are graded out of 5 and the combined score calculated out of 10. The higher the Gleason score, the more aggressive is the tumor and the worse is the prognosis.
Patients with cancers confined to the prostate (T1 and T2) and no involvement of the lymph nodes or other organs (N0 and M0) are potentially curable by surgery or radiotherapy. Patients with disease beyond the prostate are not curable.
With our next information – we will inform you about the “Risk factors for enlarged prostate” – so you should have a look on this site in the next 2 weeks! If you have any question sends us your e-mail.
MedlinePlus: Prostate Cancer ... Latest News. Prostate Cancer Therapy May Affect Mental Function (07/20/2005, Reuters Health) Prostate ... Screening May Reduce Risk of Prostate Cancer Death (07/08/2005, Canadian ...
Prostate Cancer Control Initiatives The Center for Disease Control has made it a priority in the education of men concerning prostate cancer, the second leading killer. Government information, discussion, support and links ...
UM CCC Urologic Oncology Program Home ... The silent killer: Recognizing the early warning signs of bladder cancer. Read more about it. ... a resource for urologic cancer (such as prostate, bladder, kidney and testes) related ...
The Prostate Cancer Charity Prostate Cancer Get Support Research You Can Help About Us News Home | Search | Site Map Adjust Display | Email to a friend Prostate Cancer Awareness Session a huge success in Balham The ...
Warning: include(/home/interhom/interhom-www/rss/rss.php) [function.include]: failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /home/cancerin/public_html/of-prostate-cancer.html on line 429
Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening '/home/interhom/interhom-www/rss/rss.php' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/lib/php:/usr/local/lib/php') in /home/cancerin/public_html/of-prostate-cancer.html on line 429
Warning: include(/home/interhom/interhom-www/rss/track.php) [function.include]: failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /home/cancerin/public_html/of-prostate-cancer.html on line 430
Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening '/home/interhom/interhom-www/rss/track.php' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/lib/php:/usr/local/lib/php') in /home/cancerin/public_html/of-prostate-cancer.html on line 430